The, Or Gender Dysphoria - 893 Words

Transgenderism, or gender dysphoria, is an area of medicine, which has been studied to some degree, yet remains vague as to pathophysiology and potentiating factors. There are, however, various hypotheses that have recently surfaced including sexual differentiation and sexual dimorphism of the brain. However, the evidence is insufficient to base the validity of these concepts. 8,5 Although the cause has yet to be fully understood, the diagnosis of gender variant individuals has changed drastically in the past 35 years, as aforementioned. In terms of diagnosis, clinicians utilize APA’s diagnostic criteria found in the current edition of DSM as well as International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10). According to DSM-V, gender dysphoria is distress associated with an incongruence of assigned sex and expression of gender, which causes interference with social functionality. Currently, gender identity disorder is defined in ICD 10 (diagnosis code F64.1) as at least two years of a strong cross-sex identification usually accompanied by strong desire to medically transition one’s body to the expressed gender. 5 Treatment options for gender dysphoria have evolved since the 1950s when the first sex reassignment surgery was performed. The evolution of this medical intervention has allowed for a complex arena of highly controversial criteria on which to base treatment options. The discussion of who should or should not undergo intervention drove further the discussion of whom isShow MoreRelatedDoes Gender Dysphoria Exist?1394 Words   |  6 PagesDoes Gender Dysphoria Exist? In this day and age, psychologists as well as the media have been giving Gender Identity Disorder or now known as Gender Dysphoria by DSM-V, a lot of publication. Whether the media stating it does not exist and psychologist stating it indeed does exist. As defined U.S. National Library of Medicine in medical terms, â€Å"Gender Dysphoria is a condition in which there is a conflict between a person s physical gender and the gender he or she identifies with.† Other namesRead MoreThe Criteria And Research On Gender Dysphoria Essay2208 Words   |  9 Pagesand research on Gender Dysphoria (GD). GD is a marked incongruence between one’s experienced or expressed gender and assigned gender, of at least six months’ duration. Gender Identity Disorder (GID) taken from the DSM-IV was replaced with GD in the DSM-V because there was nothing wrong with a gender’s identity and because there are more descriptions for the disorder. There is an emotional disturbance amon g gender dysphoric individuals as they are not happy with their identity or gender. Studies showRead MoreGender Dysphoria, By Magnus Hirschfield2202 Words   |  9 PagesNotes on articles Gender dysphoria, also known as transsexualism, is the incongruence between gender and biological sex. Biological males who are gender dysphoric receive treatment with estrogens and anti-androgens to become feminized, while gender dysphoric biological females will receive androgen treatments to become masculinized. Many adolescents diagnosed with this condition are given hormones to suppress puberty to make the process easier. Social marginalization and barriers to proper care areRead MoreGender Dysphoria and Gender Reassignment: Analysis of a Policy Issue3357 Words   |  14 Pages1. Introduction Sexuality and gender identity issues have had a long history in the fields of mental health and public policy. There has been much debate surrounding the inclusion of issues related to gender and sexual identity in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual since its initial stages of development (Drescher, 2010). Debates in this field of interest have been fragmented between several stakeholders (Ehrbar, 2010). This fragmentation has created complications in the process of developingRead MoreEssay about Gender Dysphoria Caused by Gender Identity776 Words   |  4 Pages Gender Dysphoria caused by Gender Identity Introduction Gender as defined by society as a division between biological sex and the roles you must take on in society. In reality gender is a true spectrum that does not follow a simple linear pattern. There are three major aspects that make a person who they are inside. These aspects are Sex, Gender and Gender Identity. Gender Identity Gender identity is basically the concept that gender is not easily divided into two classic genders as isRead MoreHow Gender Dysphoria Is The Opposite Sex Essay1973 Words   |  8 Pageswould be interesting to explore, or simply felt as though this is how it was meant to be. Gender dysphoria has been around much longer than individuals would think. The only difference now is that more people are accepting of this lifestyle, and a greater amount of human beings are opened to sharing about it. Gender Dysphoria is simply where an individual who feels very strongly that they are not the gender they appear to be. It is possible that a man would rather portray his life as a woman by dressingRead MoreIs Gender Dysphoria Caused Solely By Neurological Dysfunction?1999 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Is gender dysphoria caused solely by neurological dysfunction? Abstract Dddasdf 1. Introduction Gender dysphoria, formerly referred to as gender identity disorder by Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders by American Psychiatric Association 4th edition and earlier (American Psychiatric Association 2013; gender dysphoria fact sheet.pdf), is marked by irreconcilable differences in one’s biologically expressed gender and the preference for a cross-gender identity (AmericanRead MoreIs Labelling Gender Dysphoria A Psychological Illness Constructive?997 Words   |  4 PagesIs Labelling Gender Dysphoria a Psychological Illness Constructive? Amongst disorders of modern day psychiatry, gender dysphoria (GD) is one of the more controversial diagnoses (Comer, 2014). The Diagnostic  and  Statistical  Manual  of  Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) defines GD, previously listed as gender identity disorder (GID), as â€Å"a marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender, of at least 6 months duration† (asRead MoreA Body And Mind Dichotomy, Or Cartesian Daulism1617 Words   |  7 Pagesperson can make the claim that they are experiencing a dysphoria that needs to be remedied through surgery. For in giving prominence to the mind, one surgery can become equivalent to another, assuming that the state of mind is the same. This would, or rather could make, say breast implants, just as vital to one’s identity as transsexualism, providing that they can articulate their unease in the same way the person diagnosed with Gender Dysphoria was able to. Another aspect of the body and mind dualismRead MoreGender Identity Disorder ( Gid )1209 Words   |  5 Pagesto their biological sex and gender identity, which is known as gender dysphoria. Gender dysphoria is formally known as gender identity disorder (GID), gender incongruence or transgenderism. According to Mohammaed Meomon, gender dysphoria is a product of highly complex genetic, neurodevelopmental, and psychological factors (Meomon, 2016). A person’s biological sex is given at birth depending on the appearance of the genitals. What a person identifies with is called gender identity. For example, a woman

Theory to Practice Literature Review - 3533 Words

THEORY TO PRACTICE LITERATURE REVIEW A PAPER SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE NURS 5013 – THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE PRAIRIE VIEW Aamp;M UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING BY HARSHAL THOMAS, BSN, RN HOUSTON, TEXAS March 3, 2014 DeMonica Junious, PhD, RN, CNE INTRODUCTION This paper is a systematic presentation of nursing theories based on literature review. The purpose of this paper is to describe how nursing theories are applied in administrative practice. It will help to generate further nursing knowledge. Nursing theory can help patients, managers and other healthcare professionals to recognize the unique contribution that nurses make to†¦show more content†¦None of these four clients required hospitalization or extensive treatment for pressure sores or skin tears (Brillhart, 2005). Orem’s theory could be used in my administrative practice by recommending a team approach to care with detailed documentation. Also providing frequent re-education which can include lectures on prevention of pressure sores, graphics depicting pressure sore stages, demonstration of transfer techniques, schedules for toileting or diaper change. To ensure good communication among care providers regarding any skin condition change and early treatment (Brillhart, 2005). The effect of mentoring on career satisfaction of registered nurses and intent to stay in the nursing profession Mariani (2007) study used a combination of descriptive comparative and correlational designs to study the effects of mentoring on career and to explore the relationship between career satisfaction and intent to stay in the nursing profession. Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations was used as a framework for this study. The main goal of the theory was to incorporate existing theories of interpersonal relations into a nursing model which focused on person to person interaction. Peplau discussed the three overlapping phases of interpersonal relationship, which include: orientation, working phase and termination. The author used Peplau’s theory as it supported the concept of a knowledge that exists in the mentoring relationship and theShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review of Human Resource Management, theory versus practice2101 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Policy versus practice: Understanding the relationship between human resource management and organizational outcomes is one of the long-standing goals of macro human resources management research. – Kaifeng Jiang et al 2011 With rapid change in the economic environment managers and scholars have been motivated to seek competitive advantages through new sources. The role of a skilled, motivated and flexible workforce has become more prominent than traditional attributes such as technologyRead MoreThe Importance Of Concept Development And Concept Analysis869 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept development or concept analysis† (Wills McEwen, 2011). Without this clarification, information on concepts become broad, ambiguous, and hard to appreciate. The concept this author chose is from Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring. The concept is caring. First, a literature review of the caring concept will be done. Second, this paper will discuss two characteristics of caring. Third, it will explore model cases of caring as well as a contrary and a related case. Fourth, antecedents and consequencesRead MoreEvaluation Of A Project On Training Curriculum Development1198 Words   |  5 PagesI. 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Theory and historical approaches will be explored through a review of relevantRead MoreA Study On Refining Organizational Training Essay951 Words   |  4 Pagescapabilities is at the core front of any organization. This capstone literature review plan focuses on refining organizational training research, demonstrating an understanding of current organizational environment and limitations, and how the capstone project can fit in the global context of training. II. Describe a plan to collect and organize literature that explains the history of the topic. This capstone project literature review will consist of historic and present studies of employee trainingRead MoreWhat And Where Is Theory919 Words   |  4 PagesWhat and Where is Theory According to Graham (2011) theories are essential to a healthy scientifically oriented study. Ravitch Riggan (2012) suggest that theory describes the cause for the way things work and how relationships are identified and tested. 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A Background on Non-Governmental Organizations Free Essays

According to the World Bank, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), the diversity of NGOs may hurt even the simplest definition that may be attributed to it because they include numerous groups and different institutions that are either entirely or largely independent to the government and have humanitarian objectives rather than commercial. They are private groups in industrial countries that support international development. NGOs include religious associations, charitable groups, independent cooperatives, different associations, women’s groups, among others. We will write a custom essay sample on A Background on Non-Governmental Organizations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Non-Governmental Organizations were built primarily by private individuals or group of individuals and does not have any representations from the government. They are largely independent, in terms of its functions and how it executes its main objectives and how it handles its funds for its various projects. As much as possible, no person from the government can join or handle any NGO to maintain its non-partisan stance and to retain its objectivity in the execution its mission. Individuals who bring about the existence of NGOs believe in certain common social principles that act as their framework in executing their activities to bring about the development of communities they give service to. Furthermore, they also assist in empowering the civil society There are numerous types of organizations, as mentioned by the World Bank. NGOs is often used as an alternative term with that of an independent sector, civil society, volunteer sector, grassroots, social movements and non-state actors. They play a pivotal part in forming the development of a nation or a state and the betterment of the lives of the people. Their method of executing and attaining its objectives varies: some NGOs acts as lobbyist to promote their causes while some conducts various programs to solicit support and funds. Most of the time they find the need to maintain healthy relationships with the public if they wish to attain their main goal. Although there may be some interest groups that plays an important role in politics, this is mainly because of its ability to influence both social and political outcomes. As the world move further in internationalizing its different facets, NGOs, like any other group, manages itself in different forms. Most of the existing organization in the world uses two management types: (1) the diversity management; and, (2) the participatory management. The first type of management deals with different cultures within the organization. It is the type of management being used to avoid intercultural problems and difficulties. On the other hand, the participatory management style is used in most NGOs, regardless of what their objectives are or its primary location. This type of management is associated with the concept that all people within an organization are perceived to be sources of knowledge and skills. For its funding, they get their money through various means and major sources include the following: (1) its membership dues; (2) sale of goods and services; and, (3) grants from international private institutions. However, even if NGOs are supposedly independent from governments, there are a number of NGOs that heavily depends for their funding. And this is where their non-partisan stance is most of the time being questioned. This sometimes causes confusion to people whether these NGOs are still free to decide on its own without any influence from government. Independence from any group with vested interest and the government is still the best solution to this dilemma, to allow NGOs a respectable position in the society. NGO’s as Unaccountable, Ineffective and a Mechanism of the Elite: A Sweeping Generalization There are an alarming number of criticisms about NGOs, this may be borne out of the fact that they have been actively engaging in different causes and have been cooperating more with the government in pursuing their objectives. They have also been cooperating and negotiating with the group of elites that have been very helpful in pushing for their advocacies. On the account that NGOs are unaccountable, ineffective and a mechanism of elite capture, I refuse to accept this as a general fact, for various reasons. For one, an NGO, as it has been said many times over, is any non-profit, voluntary groups that are organized in either a local, national or international level. Most of the people who work with these NGOs are task driven and goal oriented people with one common interest. They perform various humanitarian services and acts as the voice of the common people to their government. They likewise advocate and monitor different laws and policies and provide information to people as a way to encourage them to participate in the politics of their own government. NGOs are accountable for their own actions, as they represent a number of people who believe in their advocacies. They are accountable to the people who believe and support them because these people are one of the reasons for their existence. They share common beliefs and they share common interests, without these people, NGOs will not function the way it is designed to function. NGOs work hand in hand with the Civil Society and most of these NGOs try hard enough to maintain harmonious relationship with the society. However, they are not accountable to the government as they independently and for as long as they remain non-partisan and independent, they are not and should be held accountable to the government. Due to this argument, I stand by not agreeing that NGOs are unaccountable. On the other hand, the effectivity of any organization, just like the government, is relative to how it executes its different goals and interests. NGOs have different methods in going about its main goals. For example, what may be an effective way of promoting and representing people from the grassroots may not be an effective way for an NGO who are working for the women’s rights. Although both are NGOs, they have different needs and they address these using different methods. For this alone, I do not agree that NGOs are ineffective. Although it is true that NGOs has to maintain a certain amount of relationship with the civil society, NGOs still maintains a respectable amount of distance. Donations from individuals, specifically the elite, may be seen as a chance for these groups of people to manipulate the ongoing of a NGO. While it is true that a large portion of the funds that the NGO receive may have come, most of the time, from individuals coming from the elite group, it should not be generalized that they are the ones making the decisions for the people who manages the NGO. Again, NGOs are non-profit groups and whatever that keeps them going are funds being donated by those people who believe in what the NGO is standing for. It is therefore more appropriate to think that NGOs work with the civil society than to think that it is a mechanism of the elite, or the chosen few. The existence of NGOs is born about the many changes in the world today. These have been brought about by the need to have a unilateral voice that would stand up for the people. Whether it is effective or not is relative to how it executes its own programs or advocacies or mission and objectives. However, to generalize that all NGOs are unaccountable and is a mechanism of the elite to be able to have an advantage in promoting their own interest may be a harsh generalization and needs to be pondered upon. Conclusion In conclusion, NGOs have been existing for so many years, maybe even before civilization has began. NGOs main existence is not to jeopardize the relationship between the people and the government but rather to stand as a medium to bridge the gap between them. They act as the voice of the people to different issues and concerns, like women’s rights, environment issues, and peace advocacy, among others. They are to be seen as a catalyst for change, for the betterment of a place where people and government live harmoniously. NGOs should remain non-partisan so that it would be able to maintain its independence from the influence of either the government or the elite. This will enable them to carry out their objectives and goals without having to give in to the dictates of these powerful groups. This will also help in ensuring that they will be more effective in promoting their own programs. Although a friendly and harmonious relationship with the government will give them more benefits than loss, for this will allow them to be heard. On the other hand, it is best to keep a very good and healthy relationship with the civil society, which stands as their main client. This will allow them to properly voice their concerns to the proper authorities and will enable them to address each issue with objectivity. The civil society is one of the major stakeholders of NGOs and it is but proper to continue a healthy relationship with them. They are accountable to these people, as the represent them and not any other vested interest. NGOs should remain committed to the root causes of the societal problems to enable them to help in trying to better the quality of the lives of people, especially the poor, the oppressed and the marginalized in certain areas of the world. Although NGOs are often seen as a group that works in the international level, with the presence of the United Nations, there are numerous NGOs within countries, and they work on a national level. They work hand in hand with the civil society, as well as the government, to promote the good of the majority and to help in attaining a better world to live in and a better life for each person. The both NGOs and governments represent the people, they should continue to work hand in hand, rather than against each other, for in the long run, it is the people who will benefit from all the positive results of a peaceful and harmonious co-existence. REFERENCES 1.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bebbington, Anthony., Hickey, Samuel., Mitin, Diana C. 2008. Can NGOs Make a Difference?: The Challenge of Development Alternatives 2.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mendelson, Sarah E., Glenn, John K. 2002. The Power and Limits of NGOs 3.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ebrahim, Alnoor. 2005. NGOs and Organizational Change: Discourse, Reporting, and Learning 4.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Edwards, Michael., Jordan, Lisa., Tuijl, Peter van. 2006. NGO Accountability: Politics, Principles and Innovations 5.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   DeMars, William E. 2005. NGOs and Transnational Network: Wild Cards in World Politics 6.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Carey, Henry F. 2003. Mitigating Conflict: The Role of NGOs (The Cass Series on Peacekeeping) 7.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Doh, Jonathan P., Teegen, Hildy. 2003. Globalization and NGOs: Transforming Business, Government, and Society 8.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Church, Cheyanne. 2004. NGOs at the Table: Strategies for Influencing Policy in Areas of Conflict 9.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dodd, Felix., Betsill, Michele M.,   Corell, Elisabeth. 2007. NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Non-Governmental Organizations in International Environment Negotiations 10.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Goel, S.L. 2004. Administration and Management of NGOs 11.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Earle, Lucy. 2004. Creativity and Constraint (NGO Management and Policy) 12.)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abraham, Anita. 2004. Formation and Management of NGOs How to cite A Background on Non-Governmental Organizations, Essay examples A Background on Non-Governmental Organizations Free Essays According to the World Bank, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), the diversity of NGOs may hurt even the simplest definition that may be attributed to it because they include numerous groups and different institutions that are either entirely or largely independent to the government and have humanitarian objectives rather than commercial. They are private groups in industrial countries that support international development. NGOs include religious associations, charitable groups, independent cooperatives, different associations, women’s groups, among others. We will write a custom essay sample on A Background on Non-Governmental Organizations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Non-Governmental Organizations were built primarily by private individuals or group of individuals and does not have any representations from the government. They are largely independent, in terms of its functions and how it executes its main objectives and how it handles its funds for its various projects. As much as possible, no person from the government can join or handle any NGO to maintain its non-partisan stance and to retain its objectivity in the execution its mission. Individuals who bring about the existence of NGOs believe in certain common social principles that act as their framework in executing their activities to bring about the development of communities they give service to. Furthermore, they also assist in empowering the civil society There are numerous types of organizations, as mentioned by the World Bank. NGOs is often used as an alternative term with that of an independent sector, civil society, volunteer sector, grassroots, social movements and non-state actors. They play a pivotal part in forming the development of a nation or a state and the betterment of the lives of the people. Their method of executing and attaining its objectives varies: some NGOs acts as lobbyist to promote their causes while some conducts various programs to solicit support and funds. Most of the time they find the need to maintain healthy relationships with the public if they wish to attain their main goal. Although there may be some interest groups that plays an important role in politics, this is mainly because of its ability to influence both social and political outcomes. As the world move further in internationalizing its different facets, NGOs, like any other group, manages itself in different forms. Most of the existing organization in the world uses two management types: (1) the diversity management; and, (2) the participatory management. The first type of management deals with different cultures within the organization. It is the type of management being used to avoid intercultural problems and difficulties. On the other hand, the participatory management style is used in most NGOs, regardless of what their objectives are or its primary location. This type of management is associated with the concept that all people within an organization are perceived to be sources of knowledge and skills. For its funding, they get their money through various means and major sources include the following: (1) its membership dues; (2) sale of goods and services; and, (3) grants from international private institutions. However, even if NGOs are supposedly independent from governments, there are a number of NGOs that heavily depends for their funding. And this is where their non-partisan stance is most of the time being questioned. This sometimes causes confusion to people whether these NGOs are still free to decide on its own without any influence from government. Independence from any group with vested interest and the government is still the best solution to this dilemma, to allow NGOs a respectable position in the society. NGO’s as Unaccountable, Ineffective and a Mechanism of the Elite: A Sweeping Generalization There are an alarming number of criticisms about NGOs, this may be borne out of the fact that they have been actively engaging in different causes and have been cooperating more with the government in pursuing their objectives. They have also been cooperating and negotiating with the group of elites that have been very helpful in pushing for their advocacies. On the account that NGOs are unaccountable, ineffective and a mechanism of elite capture, I refuse to accept this as a general fact, for various reasons. For one, an NGO, as it has been said many times over, is any non-profit, voluntary groups that are organized in either a local, national or international level. Most of the people who work with these NGOs are task driven and goal oriented people with one common interest. They perform various humanitarian services and acts as the voice of the common people to their government. They likewise advocate and monitor different laws and policies and provide information to people as a w ay to encourage them to participate in the politics of their own government. NGOs are accountable for their own actions, as they represent a number of people who believe in their advocacies. They are accountable to the people who believe and support them because these people are one of the reasons for their existence. They share common beliefs and they share common interests, without these people, NGOs will not function the way it is designed to function. NGOs work hand in hand with the Civil Society and most of these NGOs try hard enough to maintain harmonious relationship with the society. However, they are not accountable to the government as they independently and for as long as they remain non-partisan and independent, they are not and should be held accountable to the government. Due to this argument, I stand by not agreeing that NGOs are unaccountable. On the other hand, the effectivity of any organization, just like the government, is relative to how it executes its different goals and interests. NGOs have different methods in going about its main goals. For example, what may be an effective way of promoting and representing people from the grassroots may not be an effective way for an NGO who are working for the women’s rights. Although both are NGOs, they have different needs and they address these using different methods. For this alone, I do not agree that NGOs are ineffective. Although it is true that NGOs has to maintain a certain amount of relationship with the civil society, NGOs still maintains a respectable amount of distance. Donations from individuals, specifically the elite, may be seen as a chance for these groups of people to manipulate the ongoing of a NGO. While it is true that a large portion of the funds that the NGO receive may have come, most of the time, from individuals coming from the elite group, it should not be generalized that they are the ones making the decisions for the people who manages the NGO. Again, NGOs are non-profit groups and whatever that keeps them going are funds being donated by those people who believe in what the NGO is standing for. It is therefore more appropriate to think that NGOs work with the civil society than to think that it is a mechanism of the elite, or the chosen few. The existence of NGOs is born about the many changes in the world today. These have been brought about by the need to have a unilateral voice that would stand up for the people. Whether it is effective or not is relative to how it executes its own programs or advocacies or mission and objectives. However, to generalize that all NGOs are unaccountable and is a mechanism of the elite to be able to have an advantage in promoting their own interest may be a harsh generalization and needs to be pondered upon. Conclusion In conclusion, NGOs have been existing for so many years, maybe even before civilization has began. NGOs main existence is not to jeopardize the relationship between the people and the government but rather to stand as a medium to bridge the gap between them. They act as the voice of the people to different issues and concerns, like women’s rights, environment issues, and peace advocacy, among others. They are to be seen as a catalyst for change, for the betterment of a place where people and government live harmoniously. NGOs should remain non-partisan so that it would be able to maintain its independence from the influence of either the government or the elite. This will enable them to carry out their objectives and goals without having to give in to the dictates of these powerful groups. This will also help in ensuring that they will be more effective in promoting their own programs. Although a friendly and harmonious relationship with the government will give them more benefits than loss, for this will allow them to be heard. On the other hand, it is best to keep a very good and healthy relationship with the civil society, which stands as their main client. This will allow them to properly voice their concerns to the proper authorities and will enable them to address each issue with objectivity. The civil society is one of the major stakeholders of NGOs and it is but proper to continue a healthy relationship with them. They are accountable to these people, as the represent them and not any other vested interest. NGOs should remain committed to the root causes of the societal problems to enable them to help in trying to better the quality of the lives of people, especially the poor, the oppressed and the marginalized in certain areas of the world. Although NGOs are often seen as a group that works in the international level, with the presence of the United Nations, there are numerous NGOs within countries, and they work on a national level. They work hand in hand with the civil society, as well as the government, to promote the good of the majority and to help in attaining a better world to live in and a better life for each person. The both NGOs and governments represent the people, they should continue to work hand in hand, rather than against each other, for in the long run, it is the people who will benefit from all the positive results of a peaceful and harmonious co-existence. REFERENCES   Bebbington, Anthony., Hickey, Samuel., Mitin, Diana C. 2008. Can NGOs Make a Difference?: The Challenge of Development Alternatives Mendelson, Sarah E., Glenn, John K. 2002. The Power and Limits of NGOs   Ebrahim, Alnoor. 2005. NGOs and Organizational Change: Discourse, Reporting, and Learning Edwards, Michael., Jordan, Lisa., Tuijl, Peter van. 2006. NGO Accountability: Politics, Principles and Innovations DeMars, William E. 2005. NGOs and Transnational Network: Wild Cards in World Politics Carey, Henry F. 2003. Mitigating Conflict: The Role of NGOs (The Cass Series on Peacekeeping) Doh, Jonathan P., Teegen, Hildy. 2003. Globalization and NGOs: Transforming Business, Government, and Society Church, Cheyanne. 2004. NGOs at the Table: Strategies for Influencing Policy in Areas of Conflict Dodd, Felix., Betsill, Michele M.,   Corell, Elisabeth. 2007. NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Non-Governmental Organizations in International Environment Negotiations Goel, S.L. 2004. Administration and Management of NGOs Abraham, Anita. 2004. Formation and Management of NGOs How to cite A Background on Non-Governmental Organizations, Essay examples